{"id":27625,"date":"2023-12-16T13:18:32","date_gmt":"2023-12-16T19:18:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/politicosaldesnudo.com.mx\/?p=27625"},"modified":"2023-12-16T13:18:32","modified_gmt":"2023-12-16T19:18:32","slug":"congreso-de-brasil-aprueba-reforma-tributaria","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/politicosaldesnudo.com.mx\/index.php\/2023\/12\/16\/congreso-de-brasil-aprueba-reforma-tributaria\/","title":{"rendered":"Congreso de Brasil aprueba reforma tributaria"},"content":{"rendered":"

Brasilia.- El Congreso de Brasil aprob\u00f3 este viernes una anhelada reforma que simplifica el sistema de impuestos de la primera econom\u00eda latinoamericana, una victoria pol\u00edtica para el presidente izquierdista Luiz In\u00e1cio Lula da Silva.<\/span><\/p>\n

La votaci\u00f3n garantiza la primera reforma sobre el sistema de tributos al consumo en 58 a\u00f1os en Brasil.<\/span><\/p>\n

La C\u00e1mara de Diputados aprob\u00f3 la Propuesta de Enmienda Constitucional (PEC) en dos votaciones separadas, con 365 votos favorables -eran necesarios 308- en la ronda definitiva, en su segundo an\u00e1lisis del texto luego de las modificaciones hechas por el Senado en noviembre.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cBrasil madur\u00f3. Necesitaba enfrentar esa agenda, que es la m\u00e1s importante de las reformas porque organiza todo el sistema productivo\u201d, celebr\u00f3 el ministro de Hacienda, Fernando Haddad, tras la votaci\u00f3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

La reforma \u201cpone a Brasil alineado con lo m\u00e1s moderno del mundo\u201d, agreg\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Por su parte, el presidente de la C\u00e1mara de Diputados, Arthur Lira, calific\u00f3 la jornada como \u201cun d\u00eda hist\u00f3rico\u00bb, afirmando que la reforma busca \u201cdesburocratizar y hacer m\u00e1s transparente el c\u00e1lculo de los impuestos\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Diferentes gobiernos hab\u00edan intentado sin \u00e9xito desde el fin de la \u00faltima dictadura militar (1964-1985) avanzar con la reforma, que en esencia promete desentramar un sistema extremadamente complejo, aliviar las cargas en inversiones y exportaciones, y reducir la tributaci\u00f3n sobre la poblaci\u00f3n m\u00e1s pobre.<\/span><\/p>\n

La reforma simplifica los impuestos federales, estatales y municipales. Establece la posibilidad de tratamientos diferenciados y sectores con tasas reducidas, como servicios de educaci\u00f3n, medicamentos, transporte colectivo de pasajeros y productos agropecuarios; adem\u00e1s, da incentivos a fabricantes de veh\u00edculos el\u00e9ctricos y abastecidos con biocombustibles.<\/span><\/p>\n

La propuesta tambi\u00e9n incluye un Impuesto Selectivo, apodado \u201cimpuesto al pecado\u201d, para desalentar el consumo de productos perjudiciales para la salud y el medio ambiente, y garantiza la exenci\u00f3n tributaria para productos de la canasta b\u00e1sica.<\/span><\/p>\n

De acuerdo con la propuesta de enmienda constitucional (PEC) cinco impuestos vigentes ser\u00e1n sustituidos por dos Impuestos al Valor Agregado (IVA). Uno de gesti\u00f3n federal se llamar\u00e1 Contribuci\u00f3n sobre Bienes y Servicios (CBS) y otro con gesti\u00f3n compartida entre estados y municipios ser\u00e1 el Impuesto sobre Bienes y Servicios (IBS).<\/span><\/p>\n

El proyecto contempla una transici\u00f3n hasta 2033, cuando ser\u00e1n instituidos completamente todos los nuevos impuestos.<\/span><\/p>\n

El valor del IVA ser\u00e1 determinado posteriormente en una ley, aunque se prev\u00e9 que ronde 27 por ciento, uno de los mayores en el mundo, seg\u00fan las previsiones del ministerio de Hacienda.<\/span><\/p>\n

El gobierno alega que esa cifra, con el consiguiente aumento de la carga tributaria sobre el sector de servicios, ser\u00e1 aliviada con compensaciones.<\/span><\/p>\n

Los diputados hab\u00edan aprobado el proyecto en julio en un primer an\u00e1lisis. Pero el Senado hizo cambios, especialmente ampliando el abanico de sectores que se beneficiar\u00e1n de un r\u00e9gimen preferencial (transporte, combustibles, bancos, loter\u00edas y otros), una decisi\u00f3n criticada por el gremio de industriales.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cEs otro error\u201d que elevar\u00e1 el valor del IVA, dijo Ricardo Alban, presidente de la Confederaci\u00f3n Nacional de Industriales, que calcula que la al\u00edcuota oscilar\u00eda entre 21 y 22 por ciento sin esas excepciones.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pero afirm\u00f3 ser optimista de que el texto actual mejorar\u00e1 la productividad del gigante suramericano.<\/span><\/p>\n

En el mismo tenor, el gobierno brasile\u00f1o espera que, con la simplificaci\u00f3n tributaria se logre un aumento en la productividad y, en consecuencia, una reducci\u00f3n de costos para los consumidores y productores.<\/span><\/p>\n

La reforma ser\u00e1 enviada al Ejecutivo para su promulgaci\u00f3n, el acto que convertir\u00e1 el texto en parte de la Constituci\u00f3n.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Brasilia.- El Congreso de Brasil aprob\u00f3 este viernes una anhelada reforma que simplifica el sistema de impuestos de la primera […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":27626,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[2050],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27625","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-economia"],"yoast_head":"\nCongreso de Brasil aprueba reforma tributaria - 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