{"id":35194,"date":"2024-04-15T03:48:55","date_gmt":"2024-04-15T08:48:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/politicosaldesnudo.com.mx\/?p=35194"},"modified":"2024-04-15T03:48:55","modified_gmt":"2024-04-15T08:48:55","slug":"mas-impuestos-a-ricos-en-paises-en-desarrollo-fmi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/politicosaldesnudo.com.mx\/index.php\/2024\/04\/15\/mas-impuestos-a-ricos-en-paises-en-desarrollo-fmi\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00e1s impuestos a ricos en pa\u00edses en desarrollo: FMI"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

La directora del Fondo Monetario Internacional (FMI), Kristalina Georgieva, coment\u00f3 en d\u00edas recientes que muchos pa\u00edses en el mundo en desarrollo podr\u00edan imponer mayores impuestos a sus ciudadanos y empresas pr\u00f3speras como parte de una estrategia para elevar de manera sustentable los ingresos y reducir vulnerabilidades. Por otra parte, una investigaci\u00f3n de la Organizaci\u00f3n para la Cooperaci\u00f3n y el Desarrollo Econ\u00f3micos (OCDE) sugiere que los impuestos en M\u00e9xico son m\u00e1s bajos que en la mayor\u00eda de los pa\u00edses latinoamericanos.<\/span><\/p>\n

En un foro previo a las reuniones semestrales del FMI y el Banco Mundial, Georgieva fue interrogada sobre las estrategias para abordar la desigualdad en ingresos, el desarrollo sustentable y el cambio clim\u00e1tico. Entre las estrategias que mencion\u00f3 en dos presentaciones sobre estos temas, una fue incrementar el porcentaje de impuestos en relaci\u00f3n al PIB por hasta 9 o 10 por ciento m\u00e1s.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hicimos un an\u00e1lisis que demuestra que se puede incrementar el impuesto en relaci\u00f3n al PIB hasta 9 por ciento en muchos pa\u00edses<\/q>, coment\u00f3 Georgieva en un foro en la sede del FMI en Washington.\u00a0Entonces, construye tu sistema tributario especialmente enfocado en llevar a m\u00e1s de la econom\u00eda [al sector formal], no se puede hacer que sea toda, pero lo m\u00e1s posible, y la parte m\u00e1s rica de la poblaci\u00f3n, los negocios que est\u00e1n prosperando, tienen una obligaci\u00f3n con el resto de la sociedad<\/q>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Esta no es una idea nueva, el a\u00f1o pasado la directora gerente sugiri\u00f3 que Pakist\u00e1n podr\u00eda cobrar m\u00e1s impuestos a los ricos para poder ofrecer mayor protecci\u00f3n a los pobres. Un informe del FMI publicado en septiembre de 2023 concluy\u00f3 que\u00a0si mejoran el dise\u00f1o de la pol\u00edtica tributaria y refuerzan las instituciones p\u00fablicas, muchos pa\u00edses tienen potencial para incrementar su coeficiente de impuestos\/PIB, o presi\u00f3n fiscal, hasta en 9 puntos porcentuales, lo que les permitir\u00eda prestar servicios p\u00fablicos b\u00e1sicos<\/q>.<\/span><\/p>\n

El Fondo recomienda mejorar el dise\u00f1o y la gesti\u00f3n de los impuestos internos b\u00e1sicos, como el impuesto al valor agregado, los impuestos especiales, el impuesto sobre la renta de las personas f\u00edsicas y el impuesto sobre la renta de las empresas. Tambi\u00e9n sugiere ampliar la base impositiva mediante una simplificaci\u00f3n de los gastos fiscales, una tributaci\u00f3n m\u00e1s neutral de la renta del capital y un mejor uso de los impuestos sobre la propiedad. Destaca que los gobiernos tienen que mejorar las instituciones que rigen el sistema tributario y gestionan la reforma impositiva.<\/span><\/p>\n

Estos cambios, seg\u00fan los expertos del FMI,\u00a0impulsar\u00edan el desarrollo financiero y la capacidad empresarial del sector privado<\/q>, adem\u00e1s de liberar fondos\u00a0especialmente para reforzar las redes de protecci\u00f3n social, lo que puede contribuir sobremanera al desarrollo sostenible<\/q>.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Nabil Abdo, un asesor de pol\u00edticas sobre el FMI en Oxfam Internacional, da la bienvenida al enfoque sobre impuestos y desigualdad de la directora gerente del FMI, pero dice que esas palabras no se reflejan en las recomendaciones reales que hace la insttuci\u00f3n a los pa\u00edses.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mucho de lo que recomiendan es trabajar dentro del sistema tributario existente para hacerlo m\u00e1s eficiente<\/q>, explic\u00f3 Abdo en entrevista con\u00a0La Jornada<\/em>. Explic\u00f3 que Oxfam ha visto recomendaciones de remover exenciones al IVA, lo cual tendr\u00eda un mayor impacto sobre los pobres.<\/span><\/p>\n

Se\u00f1al\u00f3 que se necesita menos atenci\u00f3n a como remediar problemas en el esquema existente y m\u00e1s\u00a0sobre cambiar los sistemas tributarios a fondo, para hacer que los impuestos sean m\u00e1s progresivos, incrementando la carga sobre empresas y aplicando grav\u00e1menes sobre la riqueza<\/q>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Abdo agreg\u00f3 que Oxfam cree que\u00a0los impuestos son importantes no s\u00f3lo como una fuente de ingreso, sino como una herramienta eficiente para abordar la desigualdad<\/q>. Aunque funcionarios del FMI han dicho que no tienen palancas para cambiar el comportamiento de gobiernos, Abdo se\u00f1al\u00f3 que el fondo ha sido muy exitoso en impulsar la anulaci\u00f3n de subsidios sobre mercanc\u00edas claves, algo que los gobiernos frecuentemente son renuentes en hacer, como parte de sus consultas.<\/span><\/p>\n

El FMI puede alentar a los pa\u00edses a hacer algo mejor sobre los impuestos<\/q>, afirm\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La directora del Fondo Monetario Internacional (FMI), Kristalina Georgieva, coment\u00f3 en d\u00edas recientes que muchos pa\u00edses en el mundo en 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